, R L .
,
u = u(t) - . , .. u = 0, i = Iept . p
.
Lp + R=0 , pk, k - .
, R-L
(1) |
t = 1/|p| = L/R - ; I - , ; i - , R L u.
, t , L R.
R-L E (. 1 )).
E R, .. i = const uL = Ldi/dt = 0, .. i = E/R .
(1)
.
I . , .. , , .
.
I ,
. |
(2) |
uR uL
(3) |
(1)-(3) , t = L/R E/R (. 1 )). uR . uL E , (. 1 )).
(3) ,
.
R-L E, (. 2 )).
. (1)
.
I . S i(0- ) = E/R, .. , i(0- ) =i(0+) = I = E/R .
(4) |
(4) , E/R t = L/R (. 2 )). , - E, ( . 2)).
,
, .
. R-L E (. 3).
, S R-L-V . i(0- ) = E/R = i(0+) = i(0)
Ri + RVi + uL = 0,
RV - .
uV = RV i(0) = ERV/R uV = (R+RV)i(0) = E(1+RV/R).
RV>>R , RV/R . . , . , .
R-L (. 4 )).
(1)
. |
(5) |
i
, |
(6) |
y - , j = arctg(w L/R) .
, (5) (6) I
,
,
. |
(7) |
, - , t = L/R (. 4 )). , .
Imsin(y - j ) y . y = j +(k+1/2)p (k = 0, 1, 2 ) (. 4 )) , Imax=Im[1+e- p t/(w t )]. e- p t/(w t )<1, . w t . w / t Imax 2.
y = j + kp (k = 0, 1, 2 ) . . . , , .
R C.
Ri + uC = u.
i = CduC/dt.
.
uC = u + u. (u = 0) u = Uept. p
RCp + 1 = 0 , pk, k - .
uC = u + u= u + Ue- t/t , |
(8) |
U - , ; t = 1/|p| = RC - .
R-C E (. 5 )).
, . U0 .
S E, .. duC/dt = 0 i = CduC/dt = 0, uC = u - Ri = E - Ri = E. (8)
uC = u + u= E + Ue- t/t . |
(9) |
uC(0- ) = U0 ( + . 5 ) ). (9) U
,
, |
(10) |
t = RC - .
. |
(11) |
. 5 )-) R-C : 1) E > U0 > 0 ; 2) E < U0 U0 > 0; 3) U0 < 0 U0 E. E U0, . , E < U0, R , .. .
(. 1 )). S C R.
uC = u= Ue- t/t
, E. U
uC(0- ) = E = uC(0+) = U,
-
uC = Ee- t/t . |
(12) |
. |
(13) |
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