ABAP/4 ОКМ ДМ экономическая информатика 4GL Теория и практика обработки информации

Компьютерный язык ABAP/4 - ключевые слова

INTO clause

Variants

1. ... INTO wa
2. ... INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF wa
3. ... INTO (f1, ..., fn)
4. ... INTO TABLE itab
5. ... INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE itab
6. ... APPENDING TABLE itab
7. ... APPENDING CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF TABLE itab

Effect

With SELECT or FETCH , this statement determines the target area into which the data is to be read. If no data is read, the target area remains unchanged.
The result set is transported to the target area field by field. This means that the ABAP/4 Dictionary data types must correspond to the ABAP/4 data types of the target fields as follows:

Result field	Target field
Dict. data type	ABAP/4 data type
ACCP	-> C or N
CHAR	-> C
CLNT	-> C
CUKY	-> C
CURR	-> I, P or F
DEC	-> I, P or F
DATS	-> D
FLTP	-> I or F
INT1	-> I, P or F
INT2	-> I, P or F
INT4	-> I, P or F
LCHR	-> C
LRAW	-> X
LANG	-> C
NUMC	-> C or N
PREC	-> X
QUAN	-> I, P or F
RAW	-> X
TIMS	-> T
UNIT	-> C
VARC	-> C

If the ABAP/4 data type of the target field is C , N or X , the contents of the result field are placed left-justified in the target field. If the target field is too short, the result value is truncated. If the ABAP/4 of the target field is numeric, the target field must be long enough to hold the contents of the result field. When transporting the contents of a result field of type FLTP ot a target field of type I , the whole number part is copied. If a field in the result set contains a NULL value, the initial value of the ABAP/4 data type corresponding to the field type is placed in the target area (see TABLES ). Depending on the database system, any violation of the correspondence rules can lead to a runtime error.

Variant 1

... INTO wa

Effect

Places the result set in the target area wa line by line. The fields are transported to the corresponding components of the wa from left to right.
If you specify a "*" in the SELECT clause , the selected data is placed left-justified in wa according to the structure of the table work area dbtab (see TABLES ). Therefore, the structure of wa does not have to correspond to the structure of the result set. However, to access the columns of the results line symbolically, the structures of wa and dbtab must be compatible. In each case, the work area wa must be at least as wide as the table work area dbtab . If wa is wider, the contents of the remaining area on the right are undefined.
If you specify a list of fields in the SELECT clause , the selected data is placed field by field in wa according to the structure of the work area . If wa has fewer components than the SELECT list, a runtime error occurs. If it has more, the contents of the excess components of wa remain undefined.
If the result of a selection is a table, the data is retrieved in a processing loop introduced by SELECT and concluded by ENDSELECT . The processing passes through the loop once for each line read. If the result is a single record, the closing ENDSELECT is omitted.

Examples

Output a list of all airlines (with short description and name):


TABLES SCARR.
DATA   WA LIKE SCARR.

SELECT * INTO WA FROM SCARR.
  WRITE: / WA-CARRID, WA-CARRNAME.
ENDSELECT.

Output a list of all airlines (with short description and name):


TABLES SCARR.
DATA TABNAME(10).
DATA BEGIN OF WA1,
       CARRID   LIKE SCARR-CARRID,
       CARRNAME LIKE SCARR-CARRNAME,
       REST(100),
     END   OF WA1.

TABNAME = 'SCARR'.
SELECT * INTO WA1 FROM (TABNAME).
  WRITE: / WA1-CARRID, WA1-CARRNAME.
ENDSELECT.

Output a list of all airlines (with short description and name):


DATA BEGIN OF WA2,
       CARRID   LIKE SCARR-CARRID,
       CARRNAME LIKE SCARR-CARRNAME,
       REST(100),
     END   OF WA2.

SELECT CARRID CARRNAME
       INTO WA2
       FROM SCARR.
  WRITE: / WA2-CARRID, WA2-CARRNAME.
ENDSELECT.

Variant 2

... INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF wa

Effect

Places the result set in the target area wa line by line. Each field of the result set is transported to the field of the same name in wa . If no such field exists, a runtime error occurs.
If the result of a selection is a table, the data is retrieved in a processing loop introduced by SELECT and concluded by ENDSELECT . The processing passes through the loop once for each line read. If the result is a single record, the closing ENDSELECT is omitted.

Example

Output a list of all airlines (with short description and name):


TABLES SCARR.

SELECT CARRID CARRNAME
       INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS OF SCARR
       FROM SCARR.
  WRITE: / SCARR-CARRID, SCARR-CARRNAME.
ENDSELECT.

Variant 3

... INTO (f1, ..., fn)

Effect

Places the result set in the target area (f1, ..., fn) . The fields of the result set are transported to the target fields fi from left to right. INTO (f1, ..., fn) is allowed only if a list with n elements is also specified in the SELECT clause.
If the result of a selection is a table, the data is retrieved in a processing loop introduced by SELECT and concluded by ENDSELECT . The processing passes through the loop once for each line read. If the result is a single record, the closing ENDSELECT is omitted.

Example

Output a list of all airlines (with short description and name):


TABLES SCARR.
DATA:  CARRID   LIKE SCARR-CARRID,
       CARRNAME LIKE SCARR-CARRNAME,

SELECT CARRID CARRNAME
       INTO (CARRID, CARRNAME)
       FROM SCARR.
  WRITE: / CARRID, CARRNAME.
ENDSELECT

Variant 4

... INTO TABLE itab

Addition

... PACKAGE SIZE n

Effect

Works like ... INTO wa , except that the selected data is not assigned to the internal table itab line by line, but in one single operation. In this case, SELECT does not introduce a processing loop, so there can be no ENDSELECT statement. The old contents of itab are overwritten.

Example

Output a list of all airlines (with short description and name):


TABLES SCARR.
DATA   ITAB LIKE SCARR OCCURS 100 WITH HEADER LINE.

SELECT * INTO TABLE ITAB FROM SCARR.
LOOP AT ITAB.
  WRITE: / ITAB-CARRID, ITAB-CARRNAME.
ENDLOOP.

Addition

... PACKAGE SIZE n

Effect

Works like ... INTO wa , except that the selected data is not assigned to the internal table

If n = 0, all lines selected by the WHERE condition are returned in one single operation.

n < 0 causes a runtime error.

Internally, n is placed in a type I field. Here, the usual conversion rules apply (see MOVE ).

After leaving the processing loop, the contents of the internal table itab are undefined.

If the result of a selection is a table, the data is retrieved in a processing loop introduced by SELECT and concluded by ENDSELECT . The processing passes through the loop once for each line read. If the result is a single record, the closing ENDSELECT is omitted.

Example

Output a list of all airlines (with short description and name):


TABLES SCARR.
DATA   ITAB LIKE SCARR OCCURS 100 WITH HEADER LINE.

SELECT * INTO TABLE ITAB PACKAGE SIZE 20 FROM SCARR.
  LOOP AT ITAB.
    WRITE: / ITAB-CARRID, ITAB-CARRNAME.
  ENDLOOP.
ENDSELECT.

Notes

Performance
If you only want to evaluate the selected data once, you should read it into a work area. Reading it into an internal table would incur additional costs for the handling of internal tables and also use more memory space.
If you want to read the data into an internal table, it is better to do this in a single operation than to read it line-by-line in a SELECT loop and then use APPEND to append it to an internal table.
You should only use the variant ... INTO CORRESPONDING FIELDS ... with large volumes of data because otherwise the time required to compare the field names in the name table is too high.

Index
© SAP AG 1996

ABAP/4 ОКМ ДМ экономическая информатика 4GL Теория и практика обработки информации

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