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. , , .
Im[Z]=0 Im[Y]=0, Z - , Y - . , . :
, , . Im[Z]=0 - . , . :
, .. . . , , , . , . (). . |
. 1 ).
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(1) |
(1)
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(2) |
, R xL = ω L xC = 1/(ωC). (2), - L, C ω , .
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(3) |
, (3) , , ..
. .
Z , . Z R (. 1 )). Z Z = Z = Zmin = R , φ = 0 , .. .
, . 2. XC -> ∞, xL -> 0 , φ -> -90 (. 1 )). - xL -> ∞, xC -> 0 , φ -> 90 . xL xC ω0 .
. , , .. u = const, i=Imsinω t.
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(4) |
, (4)
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(5) |
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(6) |
- , .
,
ρ/R = Q, , D=1/Q - . , . . .
. (5) , U=RI0
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(7) |
i =I/I0, u k=Uk/U, v = ω /ω 0 - , , I0, U ω 0 .
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(8) |
(7) (8) , . Q=2 . 3 () () .
. 3 A(v), B(v) C(v) , . A(v)=uL(v) B(v)=uC(v) ,
, (9)
(10)
Q -> ∞, Amax = Bmax -> Q, v 1 1.0 v 2 1.0.
u L(v ) u (v ) , Q2 < 1/2 , .
1,0. , , . 4. , .
. 5 . 4 . , .
, , , D=1/Q =v 2- v 1.
. (1) φ
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(11) |
, φ . . 6 .
- 90 , +90 , . φ (v ) .
, , .. . (5) , . UR = RI = const. ,
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(12) |
(12) Q= ρ/R .
,
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(13) |
uL(v ) u(v ) , u(v ) u =1.0 , uL(v ) - u(v ) = 0. , . .
u L(v )=A(v ), u (v )=B(v ) u(v )=(v ) Q=2 . 7 () () .
u (v )=(v ) , v 1 v 2 , , D=1/Q=v 2- v 1.
(. 6).
, :
R, L C (. 8)). .
(14) |
, ,
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(15) |
Y , G=1/R , (. 8 )). , , . φ 90 ω -> 0 - 90 ω -> ∞.
U
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(16) |
U0,
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(17) |
- . (17), , R. Q = γ/G , D=1/Q - . , . . .
U , I,
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(18) |
, U0 = I/G . - I=U0G. (16) (18), , .
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(18) |
(18) (7) (8) , . , . 3 (18) : A(v)=i (v); B(v)=i L(v) C(v)=i R(v)=u (v ). i , i L i R .
(14)
.. , .
, . - I0=U/R=UG. (16) , .
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(19) |
i , ,
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(20) |
(19) (20) (12) (13) . , . 7 - i C(v )=A(v ), i L(v )=B(v ) i R(v )= i (v )=C(v ).
, , :
(. 10).
Y1=G1+jB1; Y2=G2+jB1 ,
Y = Y1 + Y2= G1+G2+j(B1+B2) .
:
(23) ,
,
ω -
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(21) |
- (. 8 )), - .
(21) , R1 R2 , ρ. , .
R1 = R2, ω = ω0, .. , (. 8 )).
, R1 = R2 = ρ. (21) (0/0) .
. 90 .. , (. 11 )). , , - . I I1 I2 , U.
, . 11 ), R = R1 = R2 = ρ (. 11 )), .. , I1 I2 U/R. abcd , φ 1 + φ 2 = π/2 . , φ 1 φ 2 90 , . , I1 I2 , , U/R. , , ρ
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