- , .
, , .. .
(. 1), , .. .
a b . 1 Uab = j a - j b . (, ) , -
Uab = j a - j b = j a -j +j -j d +j d -...-j i +j i -j k +j k-... -j q +j q - j b =
= (j a -j )+(j -j d)+(j d -...-j i)+(j i -j k)+(j k-... -j q)+(j q - j b) =
= Uac+ Ucd+ Ude+...+ Uik+ Ukl+ Ulm+...+ Uqb =
= Ir1+ Ir2+ Ir3+...+ Irm+E1+ E2+...-En =
= I(r1+ r2+ r3+...+ rm)+( E1+ E2+...-En) = IR + E |
(1) |
, . , , .
, .. . (1).
R , R > rmax, rmax - , .
,
, , ., .
- , .
(. 2), , ..
.
,
I I = I1+I2+...+In -J1+J2+...+Jm. , U,
I = Ug1+Ug2+...+Ugn -J1+J2+...+Jm=
=U(g1+g2+...+gn) -(J1+J2+...+Jm)=UG+J |
(2) |
, . , , .
,
, (2).G, , G > gmax, gmax - , . G=1/R > gmax=1/rmin R < rmin, .. , rmin.
, . . ,
R 1. , . 2.1.
|
r1 ; r2 |
r1 ; r2 ; r3 |
r1 ; r2 ; r3 ; r4 |
R= |
, , (. 3 )).
, , .. 3 ) R
1R2 R3 , R1R3 R2R3 , .. . , .. 3
, .,
R-E G-J . , - . . 4.:
R34=R3+R4 ; J2=E2/R2 ; R234=(R2R34)/(R2+R34) ; J' =J+J2 ; E' = J'R234 ; R = R1+R234 ; E = E' - E1 ; J=E/R., ,
( ) . , , , . , R . 4, ., ,
, . , , - . , - . . 5, , , .a b (. 5 )). , .. a b R1 R3 .
. 2.1 .
. .
, .
, n , .
. 2.2 .
:
- 1-, 2- n- .
, .
, n , .
,
.
, n , n R
, (. 2.3). . .
, , .
, , , , , . 2.4. . R1-R2-R3, 1-2-3 , 0 1-2-3, .
R0 Rλ1 , Rλ1 + R4 Rλ3 + R5 .
.
. 2.5. R1-R2-R3 RΔ1-RΔ2-RΔ3, 1-2-3.
, () . :
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